Validación de instrumentos para el desarrollo de habilidades profesionales en el periodo preoperatorio mediato / Validation of instruments for the development of professional abilities in the mediate preoperative period

Introducción: Una de las tareas básicas en las investigaciones es la realización de herramientas con contenidos acordes con el tema que se desea estudiar, lo cual puede solucionarse mediante los criterios de expertos, que permiten la confección de instrumentos confiables y su aplicabilidad en las ciencias biomédicas. Objetivo: Describir los resultados del proceso de selección de expertos para la validación teórica de los instrumentos utilizados en la estrategia de superación profesional de los cirujanos en el periodo preoperatorio mediato. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio cualitativo y cuantitativo en el Hospital General Docente Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso de Santiago de Cuba, desde diciembre de 2019 hasta marzo de 2021. El universo estuvo constituido por 25 expertos, a quienes se les aplicó el test de autovaloración y el método Delphi. Resultados: Se halló que 17 (68,0 %) doctores en ciencias obtuvieron coeficiente de competencia alto y 6 (24,0 %) medio, los cuales fueron seleccionados para validar los instrumentos y el programa docente de la investigación. Los expertos consideraron que en dichos instrumentos existió suficiencia claridad, coherencia y relevancia. A pesar de que no alcanzaron la calificación máxima, todos obtuvieron entre 3 y 4 puntos, por lo que no se realizaron cambios en los ítems. Conclusiones: La validación del contenido de los instrumentos sirvió para fortalecer las herramientas utilizadas en la investigación, la experiencia en la actividad profesional y en la función científico - investigativa.

Introduction: One of the basic tasks in the investigations is the realization of tools with contents according to the topic that is wanted to study, which can be solved by means of the experts criteria that allow the making of reliable instruments and their implementation in the biomedical sciences. Objective: To describe the results of the experts selection process for the theoretical validation of the instruments used in the strategy of the surgeons professional training during the mediate preoperative period. Methods: A qualitative and quantitative study was carried out at Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso Teaching General Hospital in Santiago de Cuba, from December, 2019 to March, 2021. The universe was constituted by 25 experts to whom the self-appraisal test and Delphi method were applied. Results: It was found that 17 (68.0 %) doctors in science obtained high competence coefficient and 6 (24.0 %) mean competence coefficient, which were selected to validate the instruments and the teaching program of investigation. The experts considered that in this instruments existed sufficiency, clarity, coherence and relevance. Although they didn't reach the maximum qualification, all of them obtained between 3 and 4 points, reason why changes in the items were not carried out. Conclusion: The validation of the instruments content was good to strengthen the tools used in the investigation, the experience in the professional activity and in the scientist - investigative function.

Estudo sobre o sistema simbólico com foco no desenho - a construção de um olhar avaliativo / Study on the symbolic system with a focus on drawing - the construction of an evaluative look

Nesta pesquisa, buscou-se compreender a concepção de desenho que as crianças possuem, o momento conceitual em que se encontram, as relações que fazem com outros sistemas: afetivo, motor e operativo, assim como sua forma de desenhar. O Grupo de Estudos criou um instrumento avaliativo apoiado na pesquisa de Rosa Iavelberg e escolheu como elementos de análise dos desenhos: o desenvolvimento cognitivo, o código utilizado para desenhar, a construção da imagem, a vinculação afetiva com as situações de aprendizagem. Nesta pesquisa, procurou-se responder à seguinte pergunta: Os elementos de análise observados na produção desenhada pela criança dialogam com o conceito que ela tem sobre o desenho ação, o desenho imaginação, o desenho apropriação, o desenho proposição?

In this study, we sought to understand the concept of drawing that children possess, the conceptual moment, relations that make other systems: emotional, motor and operation, as well as your way of drawing. The Study Group created an evaluative instrument supported on Rosa Iavelberg research's and chosen as elements of drawing analysis: cognitive development, the code used to draw, the construction of the image, the affective binding situations of learning. In this research, sought to answer the following question: The analysis elements observed in the production drawing by child dialogue with the concept that she has on the drawing action, the drawing imagination, the drawing appropriation, the drawing proposition?

La calidad del examen final de la asignatura Morfofisiología IV / The Morfofisiology IV final exam quality

Introducción: el presente estudio evaluativo se centra en el proceso Enseñanza-Aprendizaje. Su objeto es: el instrumento evaluativo de la asignatura Morfofisiología IV. Objetivo: caracterizar la calidad del examen de dicha unidad curricular, aplicado a los estudiantes del primer año de la carrera de Medicina, de la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de Holguín. Métodos: se identificaron las áreas de las ciencias básicas, y las preguntas utilizadas en el examen. Se determinó la correspondencia entre el fondo de tiempo de los contenidos y su exploración, y se realizó el análisis de los siguientes indicadores de calidad: índice de dificultad, índice de discriminación D, correlación del punto biserial y correlación alfa de Cronbach. Resultados: en el examen, predominaron los contenidos de Bioquímica; no hubo correspondencia entre el fondo de tiempo dedicado a cada tema y la cantidad de ítems presentes; y predominaron las preguntas de test objetivo. Ambos instrumentos fueron clasificados como medianamente fácil, con correspondencia entre el índice de dificultad por preguntas y su discriminación. El examen a través del coeficiente alfa de Cronbach, mostró confiabilidad en su consistencia interna. Conclusiones: a pesar de las diferencias encontradas, la calidad del instrumento aplicado demostró un examen medianamente fácil; lo que explica el elevado número de aprobados. Para diseñar estos instrumentos evaluativos, es necesario incrementar la preparación metodológica del Comité Académico de dicha especialidad.

Introduction: present study shows a Teaching- Learning process evaluation, of the Morfofisiology IV subject instrument. Objective: to characterize the quality of Morfology IV curricular exam, applied to first year medicine students, at the Medical Sciences University of Holguín. Methods: identification of basic sciences and type of questions, to determine the time correspondence between curricular unit content, exam exploration, and students analysis of the quality patterns like: 1- Difficulty index. 2- Discrimination index D. 3- Biserial point correlation. 4- Cronbach´s Alpha correlation. Results: biochemistry contents prevailed. There was no correspondence between each topic time and the articles, in which questions domained. Both instruments were classified as fairly easy, and showed a correspondence between questions difficulty index and its discrimination, and Cronbach´s alpha coefficient presented an internal consistency dependability. Conclusions: in spite of differences, the exam was classified as fairly easy for both instruments, that explains its high sufficiency level. The Academic Committee´s methodological improvement for these evaluative instruments design, is very important.

Instrumento de medición de la alfabetización en salud sexual y reproductiva en estudiantes universitarios / Instrument for measuring sexual and reproductive health literacy in university students

Se realizó un estudio exploratorio con vistas a validar un instrumento para la evaluación del nivel de alfabetización en salud sexual y reproductiva de 30 estudiantes de medicina de Santiago de Cuba, teniendo en cuenta las habilidades para una adecuada alfabetización. Se realizaron pruebas de estabilidad con test y retest y el porcentaje de las respuestas de dichos estudiantes fue constante; asimismo, se buscó la validez aparente y de contenido por grupo de expertos, así como la factibilidad a partir de la percepción de los sujetos estudiados. Se adaptó en el contexto cubano la versión original del instrumento de medición seleccionado y la nueva versión resultó válida para la investigación en una muestra más amplia de estudiantes.

An exploratory study aimed at validating an instrument for the evaluation of the literacy level of sexual and reproductive health in 30 medicine students was carried out in Santiago de Cuba province, taking into account the skills for an appropriate literacy. Tests of stability with test and retest were carried out and the percentage of these students answers was constant; also, the apparent and content validity by a group of experts was searched, as well as the feasibility starting from the perception of the studied individuals. The original version of the selected measuring instrument was adapted in the Cuban context and the new version was valid for the investigation in a wider sample of students.

Construct validity and responsiveness of Movakic: An instrument for the evaluation of motor abilities in children with severe multiple disabilities.

Movakic is a newly developed instrument for measurement of motor abilities in children with severe multiple disabilities, with a satisfactory feasibility and content validity and good inter-observer and test-retest reliability. The objective of this study was to investigate its construct validity and responsiveness to change. Sixty children with severe multiple disabilities (mean age 7.7 years, range 2-16) were measured using Movakic six times during 18 months. Construct validity was assessed by correlating Movakic scores with expert judgment. In order to assess responsiveness, scores during 3-months intervals were compared (mean score-changes and intraclass correlations) during which some children experienced meaningful events influencing motor abilities and during which others experienced no such event. Forty-five percent of children had a lower cognitive development level than 6-month, 52% had Gross Motor Function Classification System level V and 37% had level IV. For 27 children all measurements were completed, six children dropped out. Construct validity was good (r=0.50-0.71). Responsiveness was demonstrated by significantly larger score changes after events than when such events did not occur. Movakic is a valid instrument for measuring motor abilities in children with severe multiple disabilities. Results suggest responsiveness to change in motor abilities after meaningful events.

Instrumento para la evaluación de habilidades en cirugía laparoscópica básica / Instrument for the evaluation of skills in basic laparoscopic surgery

Introducción: el desarrollo de los programas de entrenamiento en cirugía laparoscópica básica requiere de instrumentos evaluativos que permitan evaluar si el educando adquiere las competencias necesarias para realizar los procedimientos laparoscópicos básicos. Objetivo: diseñar y validar un instrumento para la evaluación de habilidades en cirugía laparoscópica básica. Métodos: se diseñó un instrumento evaluativo, y para su validación fue aplicado a 69 educandos que pasaron el entrenamiento en procederes laparoscópicos básicos I, en el laboratorio de entrenamiento del Centro Nacional de Cirugía de Mínimo Acceso durante enero 2008 hasta diciembre del 2010. Resultados: se obtuvo un coeficiente alfa de Cronbach de 0,8 (buena confiabilidad). El análisis factorial muestra la presencia de dos factores principales: Disección del triángulo de Calot y grapado del conducto cístico. Conclusiones: a partir del análisis factorial y la confiabilidad aplicada al instrumento evaluativo, se obtuvo un instrumento válido el cual pudiera concretarse a dos dimensiones fundamentales: disección del triángulo de Calot y grapado del conducto cístico

Introduction: the development of training programs in basic laparoscopic surgery requires evaluative instruments that allow assessing whether the student acquires the necessary competencies for performing basic laparoscopic procedures. Objective: to design and to validate an instrument for the skill assessment in basic laparoscopic surgery. Methods: an evaluative instrument was designed; it was applied for validation in 69 students who passed the basic laparoscopy procedure training I at the training laboratory of the National Center of Minimal Access Surgery from January 2008 to December 2010. Results: the Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.8 (good reliability). The factor analysis revealed two principal factors: Calot triangle dissection and grapping of cystic conduct. Conclusions: based on the factorial analysis and the reliability applied to the evaluative instrument, a valid instrument was obtained, which may be materialized in two fundamental dimensions: Calot triangle dissection and grapping of the cystic conduct

Instrumento para la evaluación de habilidades en cirugía laparoscópica básica / Instrument for the evaluation of skills in basic laparoscopic surgery

Introducción: el desarrollo de los programas de entrenamiento en cirugía laparoscópica básica requiere de instrumentos evaluativos que permitan evaluar si el educando adquiere las competencias necesarias para realizar los procedimientos laparoscópicos básicos. Objetivo: diseñar y validar un instrumento para la evaluación de habilidades en cirugía laparoscópica básica. Métodos: se diseñó un instrumento evaluativo, y para su validación fue aplicado a 69 educandos que pasaron el entrenamiento en procederes laparoscópicos básicos I, en el laboratorio de entrenamiento del Centro Nacional de Cirugía de Mínimo Acceso durante enero 2008 hasta diciembre del 2010. Resultados: se obtuvo un coeficiente alfa de Cronbach de 0,8 (buena confiabilidad). El análisis factorial muestra la presencia de dos factores principales: Disección del triángulo de Calot y grapado del conducto cístico. Conclusiones: a partir del análisis factorial y la confiabilidad aplicada al instrumento evaluativo, se obtuvo un instrumento válido el cual pudiera concretarse a dos dimensiones fundamentales: disección del triángulo de Calot y grapado del conducto cístico(AU)

Introduction: the development of training programs in basic laparoscopic surgery requires evaluative instruments that allow assessing whether the student acquires the necessary competencies for performing basic laparoscopic procedures. Objective: to design and to validate an instrument for the skill assessment in basic laparoscopic surgery. Methods: an evaluative instrument was designed; it was applied for validation in 69 students who passed the basic laparoscopy procedure training I at the training laboratory of the National Center of Minimal Access Surgery from January 2008 to December 2010. Results: the Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.8 (good reliability). The factor analysis revealed two principal factors: Calot triangle dissection and grapping of cystic conduct. Conclusions: based on the factorial analysis and the reliability applied to the evaluative instrument, a valid instrument was obtained, which may be materialized in two fundamental dimensions: Calot triangle dissection and grapping of the cystic conduct(AU)

Evaluación y certificación de programas de estudio en el perfil Sistema de Información en Salud / Curricula evaluation and certification in Health Information System

Se realizó una investigación descriptiva y transversal, a fin de evaluar la calidad de los programas de estudio de las asignaturas Fuentes de Información, Sistema de Clasificación de Documentos y Descripción Bibliográfica I, impartidas en el perfil Sistema de Información en Salud en la Facultad de Tecnología de la Salud "Juan Manuel Páez Inchausti" de la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Santiago de Cuba. Para obtener la información se diseñaron y aplicaron encuestas a los estudiantes, las que contenían determinados aspectos de interés asociados a las características del proceso de impartición de las citadas materias. Las referencias teóricas permitieron efectuar un análisis integrador de los datos obtenidos en función del instrumento evaluativo elaborado para la educación superior y validado al efecto. Se logró valorar el desarrollo y la estructuración de cada diseño curricular, así como el criterio de los alumnos sobre la asimilación de los contenidos de dichas materias, y se concluyó que el sistema de evaluación seleccionado permite certificar cualitativamente y cuantitativamente la calidad de estos y definir para cada modelo de formación aquellas deficiencias del proceso docente-educativo con solución viable.

A descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out in order to evaluate the curricula quality of the subjects Information Sources, Documents Classification System and Literature Description I, taught in Health Information System at "Juan Manuel Páez Inchausti" Faculty of Health Technology of the Medical University in Santiago de Cuba. To obtain the information surveys to students were designed and applied, containing some interesting aspects associated with the characteristics of the teaching process of those mentioned disciplines. The theoretical references allowed to make an integrative analysis of the data obtained on the basis of the evaluative instrument developed for higher education and validated for this purpose. It was possible to evaluate the development and structure of each curriculum, as well as the opinions of students about the assimilation of the contents of such matters. It was concluded that the selected evaluation system allows to certify qualitatively and quantitatively the quality of these curricula and define in each model of training those deficiencies of the educational process with a viable solution.

Validity of the Foot and Ankle Ability Measure in athletes with chronic ankle instability.

CONTEXT: The Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM) is a region-specific, non-disease-specific outcome instrument that possesses many of the clinimetric qualities recommended for an outcome instrument. Evidence of validity to support the use of the FAAM is available in individuals with a wide array of ankle and foot disorders. However, additional evidence to support the use of the FAAM for those with chronic ankle instability (CAI) is needed. OBJECTIVE: To provide evidence of construct validity for the FAAM based on hypothesis testing in athletes with CAI. DESIGN: Between-groups comparison. SETTING: Athletic training room. PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS: Thirty National Collegiate Athletic Association Division II athletes (16 men, 14 women) from one university. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): The FAAM including activities of daily living (ADL) and sports subscales and the global and categorical ratings of function. RESULTS: For both the ADL and sports subscales, FAAM scores were greater in healthy participants (100 +/- 0.0 and 99 +/- 3.5, respectively) than in subjects with CAI (88 +/- 7.7 and 76 +/- 12.7, respectively; P < .001). Similarly, for both ADL and sports subscales, FAAM scores were greater in athletes who indicated that their ankles were normal (98 +/- 6.3 and 96 +/- 6.9, respectively) than in those who classified their ankles as either nearly normal or abnormal (87 +/- 6.6 and 71 +/- 11.1, respectively; P < .001). We found relationships between FAAM scores and self-reported global ratings of function for both ADL and sports subscales. Relationships were stronger when all athletes, rather than just those with CAI, were included in the analyses. CONCLUSIONS: The FAAM may be used to detect self-reported functional deficits related to CAI.

Instrumento para la evaluación y certificación del diseño curricular / Instrument for the evaluation and certification of the curricular design

Para la evaluación del diseño curricular se propone un instrumento de evaluación y certificación del diseño de planes de estudio de las especialidades en Ciencias Médicas antes de su implementación en el proceso enseñanza-aprendizaje, con el objetivo de certificar su calidad, teniendo en cuenta su concepción pedagógica y de organización, acordes con los modelos pedagógicos contemporáneos, así como su pertinencia social. El instrumento se elaboró a partir de criterios de expertos que ofrecieron su experiencia en la determinación de las variables que debían evaluarse y el peso de cada una, y del análisis teórico de la bibliografía y la experiencia nacional e internacional al respecto, así como de las características y organización del currículo en Ciencias Médicas. Después de elaborado se utilizó para evaluar 6 diseños curriculares de especialidades, con el propósito de validar su contenido. La presente propuesta permitirá obtener una forma única de evaluación del currículo en las especialidades en Ciencias Médicas y un mejor resultado en la planificación curricular que beneficiará al sistema de posgrado

To study the evaluation of the curricular design, it is proposed an instrument of evaluation and certification of the design of syllabuses of the specialties in Medical Sciences before its implementation in the teaching-learning process in order to certify its quality, taking into account its pedagogical and organizational conception, according to the pedagogical contemporary models, as well as its social relevance. The instrument was created starting from the criteria of experts that offered their experience in the determination of variables that should be evaluated and the weight of each one, starting from the theoretical analysis of bibliography and the national and international experience on this regard, as well as from the characteristics and organization of the curriculum in Medical Sciences. After being made, it was used to evaluate 6 curricular designs of specialties to validate its content. The present proposal will permit to attain a unique way of evaluating the curriculum in the medical specialties and a better result in the curricular planning that will benefit the postgraduate system.